Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and nuclear-weapons technology to nations not recognized as “Nuclear Weapon States” by the 1968 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) - the only binding treaty by nuclear-weapon States with the goal of nuclear disarmament. More countries (191) have ratified the NPT than any other disarmament agreement. The NPT reflects the desire of the vast majority of nations to prevent additional countries from acquiring nuclear weapons. In exchange for eliminating nuclear arsenals or promising not to acquire one, NPT States receive access to nuclear power technology and support for such programs.

Over time, the goal of the NPT is for all nations to disarm themselves of nuclear weapons. Only India, Pakistan, Israel, South Sudan and North Korea have not signed this importantly-viewed agreement. There are five states - China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and the United States - officially recognized as possessing nuclear weapons by the NPT. However, it is known that India, Israel and North Korea also possess nukes.

Pending Legislation: H.R.5387 - Preventing the Spread of Nuclear Weapons Act of 2019
Sponsor: Rep. Brad Sherman (CA)